Which federal bracket this lands in
The $16,100 standard deduction leaves $56,700 of taxable income, which puts the last dollar in the 22% federal bracket. Only $6,300 of it is actually taxed at 22% — the income below $50,400 is taxed at the lower rates first, which is why the effective rate lands well under the bracket number. The 22% band runs to $105,700, so a raise of about $49,000 would be needed before any dollar is taxed at 24%.
Where this sits in Washington, DC's schedule
Washington, DC runs a graduated schedule of 7 bands. After $16,100 of state deductions it taxes $56,700, putting the top dollar in the 6.5% band and producing $3,286 of state tax — 4.51% of gross pay. Its 6.5% band ends at $60,000 of state taxable income, $3,300 above where this salary lands.
Marginal rate is not the rate paid
Federal income tax of $7,186 on $72,800 of gross pay is 9.87% of the salary, against a 22% marginal bracket — a gap of about 12.1 points. The bracket describes the next dollar earned, not the pay already earned, and quoting the bracket as the tax rate overstates the bill by $8,830 at this salary.
What a $1/hr raise is actually worth
A dollar more an hour is $2,080 more a year at 2,080 paid hours. Against a combined marginal rate of about 36.15% -- the 22% federal band, Washington, DC's 6.5%, 1.45% Medicare and 6.2% Social Security -- roughly $1,328 of that reaches the bank, or about $0.64 of the extra dollar.